Gender inequality in zambia pdf

Pdf history lessons for gender equality from the zambian. Zambia ranks in worst 30 countries 7th march 2016 as we prepare to celebrate the public holiday of international womens day tomorrow under the theme of 5050 by 2030, we must reflect on the uphill battle women face in this country for equal opportunity. Does gender inequality hinder development and economic growth. Ending all discrimination against women and girls is not only a basic human right, its crucial for sustainable future.

However, when the value is discounted for inequality, the hdi falls to 0. Mar 25, 2016 and cultural structures that sustain gender inequality are still prevalent in zambia bajaj 2 009 and many subsaharan african countries undp 2014. Access to adequate health services that is of acceptable quality is important in the move towards universal health coverage. Lusaka, jun 29 2010 ips despite the adoption almost a decade ago of a national gender policy that aims to ensure fair participation of men and women in the development process, most of the zambian governments policies still remain gender blind, say civil society and womens rights associations. Genderbased violence and discrimination costs everyone. According to the world economic forums global gender gap index for 2015, zambia is ranked 116, out of 145 countries. We address gender inequality by working with entire communities women, girls, men, and boys to transform discriminatory practices together. Zambias constitutional and legal systems in the last 40 years have not addressed womens exploitation, discrimination and marginalisation. Wedge womens entrepreneurship development and gender equality. In the republic of zambia hereinafter referred to as zambia, there exists a deeprooted concept of an unequal gender relationship in which men are considered to be superior to women. Does gender inequality hinder development and economic. This is in fact, not very much than it is now asserted in different countries. Zambia has high levels of gender inequalities sweden by melony chisanga on august 15, 2018 swedish embassy head of development cooperation karin sverken says zambia has the highest levels of gender inequalities despite efforts to attain equality. This can impede womens participation in outgrower schemes, although some investors facilitate credit access.

Gender inequality 2 sociological use of the term, dogs dont have gender. Ms kalima has called on african governments to begin considering setting up financial system that would support and fund women nominated by the. At present, in africa mostly violated and then comes the rest of the world where gender inequality is perceived to bloom. Gender equality is a key issue in development and gender mainstreaming is now common practice. Population distribution by sex, ruralurban and province, zambia, 2012, 20 and 2014 6 table 3. In october 2014 the council welcomed the gender equality action plan3 and approved its implementation4. Pdf this article explores the historical causes and consequences of gender divisions of labour in the zambian copperbelt. As in many countries throughout subsaharan africa and around the developing world, poverty in zambia is overwhelmingly a rural phenomenon. To counteract these disparities, usaid works to give women and girls more opportunities by integrating gender equality and womens empowerment into. Education from a gender equality perspective with final. Gender inequality has been at the core of the policy debate concerning development for the past few decades. How to improve gender equality in agriculture 2 second, gender discrimination in credit markets makes it more difficult for women farmers to acquire laboursaving and innovative production inputs.

However, despite attempts at addressing gender inequality and achievements in this regard. Gender inequality is a key feminist issue, particularly in the world of business management. A profile of norwegian development cooperation with zambia and support. Institutional framework to promote gender equality and freedom from discrimination in order to facilitate implementation of gender equality and freedom from discrimination, the government has put in place the state department of gender under the ministry of public service, youth and. This biased view regarding gender equality originates from not only traditional cultural and social norms but also from the. Custom in africa is stronger than domination, stronger than the law, stronger even than religion. Injustice given to the women seems to be increasing. It is everpresent in conversation, humor, and conflict, and it is called upon to explain everything from driving styles to food preferences.

The ministry of gender coordinates the implementation of the strategy and collaborates with different stakeholders ministry of gender, 2016. The undp global gender equality strategy 200820 is grounded in the premise that the development of equality between men and women, or gender equality is absolutely indivisible from undp human development goal of real improvements in peoples lives and the choices and opportunities open to them. Zambias ihdi for 2017 relative to selected countries and groups ihdi value overall loss % human inequality coefficient % inequality in life expectancy at birth % inequality in education % inequality in income % zambia 0. Introduction gender is a primary marker of social and economic stratification and, as a result, of exclusion. Gender analysis also reveals health risks and problems which men face as a result of the social construction of their roles.

Zambia sigi 2019 category medium 35% 41% 28% gender index. Eric ed403408 redressing gender inequalities in education. Zambia sigi 2019 category medium 35% 41% 28% gender. Genderbased violence gbv in zambia takes the form of physical, mental, social or economic abuse against a person because of that persons gender and includes violence that may result in. This policy concern has been matched by an equal level of scholarly interest, which has produced a large body of research intended to show that reducing gender inequality leads to development for individual women and for women in general. Angola and malawi show losses due to inequality of 31. Population distribution by sex, ruralurban and province, zambia, 2012. The continued existence of gender inequality in zambia attributes to the gap. Malawi ranks 173 out of 188 on the uns gender inequality index gii and has the eighth highest child marriage rate in the world.

Zambia must reduce the deforestation rate to ensure a green economy and sustianbale development. As a result, gender inequality is a characteristic of most societies, with males on average better positioned in social, economic, and political hierarchies. In addition, the role that public sector institutions, the private sector, religious and faith based. The governments bureaucracy is itself, part of institutionalised gender inequality, under a. Gender inequality is not new in traditional african society. Gender inequality gender inequality is the disparity between individuals due to gender. In 2010 the moderate poverty rate in rural areas was 74 percent, more than double the urban poverty rate of 35 percent. In times of both peace and conflict, adolescent girls face the highest risk of genderbased violence. Men were more likely than women to be employed as manual labourers.

There is still lower enrolment rate for girls and higher dropout rates than their male counterparts in tanzania. The gini coefficient, as a measure of income inequality, increased from 0. Gender inequality is a result of the persistent discrimination of one group of people based upon gender and it manifests itself differently according to race, culture, politics, country, and economic situation. Chanda, an infection prevention manual for community and health care institutions in. For more than two decades, the goal of reducing gender inequality has held a prominent place in international organizations. Policy vision a gender just society in which men and women enjoy equity, contribute and benefit as equal partners in the development of the country.

Some 1 in 20 girls between the ages of 15 and 19 around million have experienced forced sex. Zambias ihdi for 2017 relative to selected countries and groups ihdi value overall loss % human inequality coefficient % inequality in life expectancy at birth % inequality in education % inequality in. We also work with faith leaders around the world to acknowledge and act upon gender injustices in. Is gender discrimination a problem in zambian workplaces. Gender equality is the absence of discrimination on the basis of a persons sex in opportunities, in the allocation of resources and benefits or in access to services.

However, previous studies have revealed inequities in health care utilisation in the favour of the rich. The paper examines the direct effect that gender inequality has on. Human inequality coefficient for zambia is equal to 33. History lessons for gender equality from the zambian copperbelt. Gender inequality 4 aggressive than women and, on average, have stronger instinctual proclivities to dominate, and that woman because of genes and hormones are on average more nurturant and have stronger dispositions to engage in caregiving activities. Malawi gender equality fact sheet fact sheet malawi. Pdf exploring the intricate relationship between poverty, gender. Over the years, customary practices have been incorporated into religion, and ultimately have. This study explored factors causing gender inequality in education in korogwe districts secondary. This can impede womens participation in outgrower schemes, although some. The undp gender inequality index gii reflects genderbased inequalities in. Need to mainstream gender equality into all policies. Victoria kalima african women should continue to fight against negative traditional cultures, gender inequality and discrimination, the vices which are still a major obstacle to womens full.

This means that zambia is rated among the worst 30 countries with the highest levels of gender inequality in the whole world. Zambias ihdi for 2018 relative to selected countries and groups ihdi value overall loss % human inequality coefficient % inequality in life expectancy at birth % inequality in education % inequality in income % zambia 0. Gender inequality and hivaids in zambia semantic scholar. The governments bureaucracy is itself, part of institutionalised gender inequality, under a dual system of law, which zambia has. Gender inequalities and imbalances have continued to hinder zambias development efforts and its ability to attain the millennium development goals mdgs. Inequalities in public health care delivery in zambia. This resulted from worsening income inequality in rural areas, which rose from 0. Facilitator forms small groups of 46 participants, distributes flipchart sheets and markers and gives them the following task. Zambia country analysis summary united nations in zambia. By some measures, the situation is actually getting worse.

An introduction to gender we are surrounded by gender lore from the time we are very small. Human inequality coefficient for zambia is equal to 32. Further, those with the greatest need for health services are not getting a fair share. The threats of climate impacts to sustainable development are critical and these have to be addressed if zambia is to move towards. The impact of gender inequality in education and employment. Gender inequality in education is a serious problem in tanzania since independence in 1961. Undp has made gender equality central to its work and weve seen remarkable progress in the past 20 years. Gender inequalities have their origins in precolonial social relations that governed family. In the past, gender equality has been a concern for reasons of human rights, but i show how it is a concern of economic necessity. Further, gender equality is a basic human rights and development issue as affirmed in a number of international and regional human rights instruments to which malawi is signatory. Theory and evidence there have been a number of theoretical and empirical studies finding that gender inequality in education and employment reduce economic growth.

Educating females and males produces similar increases in their subsequent earnings and expands future opportunities and choices for both boys and girls. Gender gap refers to disparities between men and women in terms of their levels of participation, access to resources, rights, remunerations, benefits etc. How do young women in zambia perceive gender inequality and hivaids. This is why zambia adopted the first national gender policy ngp in 2000 to enable both women and men to participate in the development process at all levels, to ensure sustainable development. Zambia has high levels of gender inequalities sweden.

Regardless of ones socioeconomic class, there are systematic gender differences in material wellbeing, although the degree. In zambia, though equity in access is extolled in government documents, there. The constitution of the republic of malawi recognizes and promotes gender equality as one of the ways of promoting the welfare and development of the people of malawi. In its most insidious form, gender inequality turns violent. Although the overall status as well as perception of women may have. The national gender policy 202017 the republic of zimbabwe ministry of women affairs, gender and community development.